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This Proclamation may be cited as “Rural Land Administration and Use Proclamation No. 1324/2024”.
In this Proclamation, unless the context requires otherwise: 1/ “Rural Land” means land outside of a municipality holding or a town designated as such by the relevant law; 2/ “Rural Land Information System” means a system of recording, organizing, analyzing, and updating rural land and land-related information and disseminating of same to stakeholders; 3/ “Rural Land Registration” means the process of recording and organizing land information pertaining to rural landholding and land use rights'; 4/ “Rural Land Administration” means a process whereby rural land holding rights are recognized and recorded, tenure security ensured, land property valued, a land use plan is prepared and implemented, land dispute among land users is resolved, and obligations of land users enforced as well as rural land information system developed; 7C0D274 C/ “9$" :; *$?@!” 'W 9$" :;E YE # ^_ d & %W( :E9[ W aW $@` YE ( U OF (i 8/ “9$" :; *$?@! vj[” 'W * I STU > 'Z :OPw E :O '[OF 9$" :; R. JU W( W :; *$?@! *' : J :; :E> * %E W <J Jn ~ STU $@` U<9| *' U RM> F% U Ok *R " d (i / “* % > :; *$?@!” 'W 9$" @ ' OP :O *[" Ud, :; *$?@! vj[ F, ^ UT" 'ZOR% `K (i / “*"G * "” 'W Z *+, :O : ~ ^! U : = ( Y"a b g 'E~(! R( (i D/ “*"L * "” 'W Z *+, :O : ~ ^! U : = ( YE< '"% ^ :RO R( (i 7/ “JK *"L * "” 'W Z *+, :O : ~ ^! U : = ( YE< '"% Y> Y"a b U = " (i 7// “'}” 'W *E[ ` ^ U9{ [E" R> %W^_`( <" W :; (i 76/ “F ^_`” 'W *E[ %W^_` ^! J*E[ ^ gM %W^_`w ^_` <" W 9$" :; (i 71/ “ ^_`” 'W *"G * N ^! *"L * N ^! JK *"L * N WF¡¢I W E> W'Z *9FL U$@£ 9$" :; (i 74/ “:EF< ^_`” 'W ^! F ^_` d :; gE :EF< ' ^_`w EI E :;L EI ¤" YE<> .j `w EI x^ EI E_ E> E :^ :q E $? i 7C/ “9 . :; ^_`” 'W %g :E9[ d> *F% %W( * Y(j> R$( '>o(! 9$" :; ^_` (i 5/ “Rural Land Use” means a process whereby rural land is conserved and sustainably used in a manner that gives better output; 6/ “Rural Land Use Plan” means a practice whereby the options that give better economic benefits without causing land degradation and environmental pollution are determined and implemented from among the different use options a rural land can give on the basis of physical, economic, and social information; 7/ "Local and Participatory Land Use" means community participation in the preparation of parcel based land use plan in a rural kebele; 8/ "Farmer" means any person, whose livelihood depends on farming activites as per this Proclamation; 9/ "Pastoralist" means a person, whose livelihood depends on livestock production as per this Proclamation; 10/ “Semi-pastoralist" means a person, whose livelihood depends on livestock production and farming activites as per this Proclamation; 11/ “Parcel” means a portion of land that has its own boundary for which distinct rights exist; 12/ “Private Landholding” means rural land held by an individual or jointly by more landholders; 13/ “Communal Landholding” means rural land that farmers, pastoralists, and semi- pastoralists use in common for grazing, forest, and other social services; 14/ “State Landholding” means land which is not held as communal or private and includes land holdings of government organs, forest lands, wildlife, and protected areas, lakes, rivers, and other similar holdings; 15/ "Illegal Landholding" means any rural landholding held illegally and not recognized by the appropriate body; 7C0D27C 78/ “^_` 'O9) !<" O@” 'W ^_` %W: :gME W'O9. :; *< = " ' UR. R[ (i 7/ “*< = (¥” 'W :; W'< = " <E Ro( Y> J:; ^_`> *$?@! L " k= E U<e£ 'E U: gT F Ro(E <E> F%" Ue£ f Rw : ^! .j! ^ *< = k= ^ UR. (¥ gE 9$" :; ! 9%Ei ^_` 'O9) " *R.EI J:; *$?@! vj[ Y> J ¦', Y"!Pw " 9>h U W§ (¥w E $? i 7/ “:EFb` g [",” 'W E< ]W> J ^ gM Rw e? { U:OI :EFb * gI 'E~(! VWX ¨"X JWI W"n : c 'E W' *F% %W( F <E R$( * : F UE@@< * (i 7D/ “©^'T !” 'W Rw :Oª> @E ©^'T ^d( ^« W'!W I W:J I W: F" I W'< '" I W:FW ^! W'<«« YE < o( ¬> c '( W"n g F bE R$( * : F R( R$( * (i 3/ “'Z '” 'W 'ZOR *% E F" W:n` 'ZORs n? { ^ :<"L £ * OPrL >o(i 3// “nn” 'W d ^! W !E Z F> J%W^_`w $@ ^! W@@ 9$" :;i :; W o( ^! :; o( Rw :<$ (i 36/ “¢F¢F” 'W 9$" :; n© W $?Uw YE =O< W'[OF ^_` o( :@< W o( ^! ^_`o( *< ~ WgM Rw :<$ F%" (i 16/ "Landholding Certificate" means a document issued by land administration institutions to prove holding right; 17/ "Administrative Decision" refers to institutions that are authorized to administer land and carry out issues related to landholding right and use processes, and it is a decision that is given on administrative issues on people's rights or interests, and registration of rural land; that includes the issuance of landholding certeficate, land use planning and other related measures, when they exercise their powers and duties given by law; 18/ "Non-Governmental Organization" means a non partisan, not for profit entity established at least by two or more persons on voluntary basis and registerd by competent authority to carry out any lawfull purpose; 19/ "Religious Institution" means a non-profit organization registered by a body authorized by law to enable people to publicly worship, follow, practice, teach, express or propagate their chosen and accepted religion; 20/ "Social Institutions" means organizations established based on the will of communities to solve problems of community members; 21/ “Distribution” means the allocation of unoccupied land or land which has been reclaimed from holders because of violations of obligations prescribed in this Proclamation or other regional laws, or land that was voluntarily relinquished by previous holders to those who are landless or with small holding size; 22/ “Re-distribution” means the transfer of land from those who have excess land to those who have none or hold a small size to ensure equity in landholding; 7C0D278 31/ “[n U Rw ” 'W %W%o( STU > 'Z F" !E :; :$@! : 9| ^! :$@! : T o(! YEE :`o(E J O( <JH '^ YE ®\o(E ª Z¯>I *O E> * k= ° E $? i 34/ “:;E W * ¢ :<$” 'W *E[ %W^_` ^_`(E R( U RE f YE W'( Y> J] U9h(E !" U<'£ :$E :O W: e U<'£ ( (i 3C/ “± ²lX :a .” 'W *9" *@n OP <E R$( * :O ± ²lX ![" :$ . :O * g> W@^ j b :a gT U9WF (i 38/ "" 'W 9 :EF< *E@ ´ :O 'E~(! gE [;=+ J ' *< = "E ^t! i 3/ “Uμ<¶"” 'W F"> Uμ<¶" (i 3/ “R(” 'W e.N R( ^! F R( : R$( * 'W (i 3D/ Z *+, 'E~(! E[ ·` 9Wp( ·`E! ` 1111.... *+¬ *+¬ *+¬ *+¬ e¸U e¸U e¸U e¸U RE RE RE RE // ^Z *+, (<. U9{ 'E~(! 9$" :; Y> J ' (<. Y> J ' *< = N (<. RM 9$" @w ^ e¸U ^TO+ 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( YE $@ gT Z *+, [Eºw J ' RE (<. $?W 9" FE " % O9%o( ^_`w ^! e¸U ^TO+ n n n n ]W ]W ]W ]W 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; *< = " *< = " *< = " *< = " E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n //// 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; <W'Fh> <W'Fh> <W'Fh> <W'Fh> <W:$@! <W:$@! <W:$@! <W:$@! 23/ “Vulnerable Groups” means such people as orphans, people of old age, and disabled who do not have landholding rights or, even if they have one, cannot protect their rights because of their economic and social problems; 24/ “Share Cropping” means a contract where a landholder agrees, for a period of time to be determined by regions, with another person to use his landholding in exchange for a share of the crop; 25/ “National Geodetic Reference Point" means a point established by a nationally authorized organ; a part of the national geodetic control points network which serves as a starting point for future surveying activity; 26/ “Region” means any region referred to under Article 47 of the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and includes Dire Dawa City Administration; 27/ “Ministry” means the Ministry of Agriculture; 28/ “Person” means any natural or juridical person; 29/ In this Proclamation, any expression in the masculine gender shall include the feminine.
1/ This Proclamation shall apply to any rural land in Ethiopia and certain rural kebeles in the Regions and City Administrations in urban areas. 2/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, this Proclamation shall apply to lands that are incorporated into urban boundaries but where such lands have not yet been officially handed over to the urban administration.
1/ A person may have the right to freely access rural land where he has been engaged or prefer to engage in agricultural activities for a living. 2/ Applicants shall be above 18 years of age. 3/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, regional laws may create affirmative action rules for women and youths as well as persons with disablities. 4/ The provisions in Sub-Articles (1) and (2) of this Article shall also apply to organized youths. 5/ Notwithstanding Sub-Article (2) of this Article, orphans who are below 18 years of age whose parents used to live in rural areas and did not have their own land holdings shall have the right to get rural land. 6/ Where one of the spouses does not have joint or private holding, he shall have the right to access land, like any landless person. The land granted shall be registered as a private holding of such a person. 7/ Where the landholding is acquired during their marriage and both spouses do not have private holding, it will be registered as common property of both spouses. 5. The Right of Non-Governmental Organizations, Social Institutions and Private Investors to Access Rural Land 1/ Non-Governmental organizations and social institutions may have the right to access rural land as per regional laws. 2/ The rural land use right of institutions mentioned under Sub-Article (1) of this Article shall be limited by time and such period shall be determined by regional laws. 3/ The land users mentioned under Sub- Article (1) and (2) of this Article shall have only use right over the land, and they may not lease, sharecrop, bequeath, donate, create partnership contracts over 7C0D27 J%W© " ''I W[" +<> '< : *^T o(! 4/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) $@y 'Z ' ^_`o(E J'(O< Y> <¡` J'< Wn (z W%W^_`w Rª :L ] ^T o+ C/ 9$" ' WUR'H F %WxL > E¾<:E e¸U ^g> 8888.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; :$@! :$@! :$@! :$@! : : : : pEL pEL pEL pEL <WU^ <WU^ <WU^ <WU^ f f f f // *"G * N I JK *"L * N I *"L * N Y> ©^'T ' ^_`o( ^ o( : f 9 W(! 6/ $?Uw 9$" :; :$@! : pEL U^ f 9 U »o( :O ^ R> 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) Y> (6) 9k TH! :EF< 9$" :; WZ .j! W:(R[ W(E <E U *^gE! E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 6666 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` c^L c^L c^L c^L Y> Y> Y> Y> %W^_`w %W^_`w %W^_`w %W^_`w :;`o( :;`o( :;`o( :;`o( ^ ^ ^ ^ <WUT o( <WUT o( <WUT o( <WUT o( : : : : .... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` c^L c^L c^L c^L 9$" :; ^ ^_` c^L FI Y> :EF< >o( .... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` : : : : // W*"G * N I *"L * N I JK *"L * N Y> ©^'T ' R$( :; ^ o( : ^_` : ( 6/ 9$" :; ^_` : :;Q :$@!EI 'J EI W * ¢ :<$EI :$@! :QE v= +<> '< EI J%W © " ''EI ("< ^! <¡` '< WnEI 9$" :; ^_` ^ e E EO ¢z '< nEI q` 9$! '[OFEI ^_`E '@ OEI F ^_`E q` 9$! ( < ") 'O<E YE ]! 9$" :; :W .E $? the land with investors, or mortgage the land use right. 4/ Social institutions referred to under Sub- Article (1) of this Article shall have all holding rights other than bequeathing and gifting. 5/ Private investors who intend to engage in rural development shall have the right to access rural land as per regional investment laws and policies.
1/ The landholding rights of farmers, semi- pastoralists, pastoralists and Religious Institutions have no time limit. 2/ The duration of land use rights of other users shall be determined by regional laws. 3/ Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub- Articles (1) and (2) of this Article, the eminent domain power of the government to expropriate land may not be restricted.
Rural land holding types include private, communal, and state holdings.
1/ The right that farmers, pastoralists, semi- pastoralists, and Religious Institutions have over their land is a holding right. 2/ Holding right includes the rights of use; lease; sharecrop; collateralize the use right; jointly develop the land with investors; bequeath; donate; transfer through sale or in any form properties fixed on the holding; consolidate; exchange with similar rural land holding, and cultivate the land through cluster arrangement. 7C0D27D DDDD.... ¼ ^ ¼ ^ ¼ ^ ¼ ^ // 9$" :; %W^_` :$@! :QE U ª WU RE f 9 Y> :; :$E 'J ^ 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( YE $@ gT ¼ ^ d:M Wc:` R J 7 c: YE ]! WU J ¿ c: . *^ ! 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( YE $@ gT *j: I Y' w I Z¯>I YE ]! W !E ^_`o(E W'' \ %W^_`w ^_`o(E ££ J'J *^JWJ! 4/ ¼ ^ ( B]n : OF> <E R$( ! :O9.> :: 9 *W%o( 7777.... :; :; :; :; '< WnE '< WnE '< WnE '< WnE :WJQ :WJQ :WJQ :WJQ :OPw E :OPw E :OPw E :OPw E <W' r> <W' r> <W' r> <W' r> <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ // 9$" :; *< = " ' I _E I O= I J ' I O=> @ B/#`o( q *J > J EI ^_`o(E :W+ . Uek %W^_`w E YE ]! ^_`o(E J%Wx " '' UekE %W^_`w Y:d9 U9>{ Y> * %(E :; 9 Y$> :OP UR. n -' 6/ n * OPr> *R " b"c U ª ^ R> 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/.... <¡` <¡` <¡` <¡` // 9$" :; %W^_` ^_`(E # R k < d:= : J <¡` ^! ( 9e ^¡O~ b!! < n ^ 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( YE $@ gT %W^_`( ( 9e ^¡O~ <!! ( W9%W W'E~(! R( <¡` '< Wn ^
1/ A rural landholder may lease out part or all of his land holding for a specific period of time that shall be determined by regional laws. 2/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the lease period may not be more than 10 years for annual crops and 30 years for perennial crops. 3/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the elderly, female-headed households, children, and other people who cannot cultivate their land for valid reasons may not be restricted from leasing out the whole of their landholding. 4/ Lease contracts shall be authenticated and registered before an institution authorized by regional governments.
1/ Regional Rural Land Administration Institutions shall establish working teams in their Regional, Zone, Special Woreda, City, Woreda, and Kebele offices that may gather and provide information about potential lessors and lessees, landholders who intend to exchange their holdings as well as jointly develop their holdings with investors. Such working teams shall conduct assessments on the local land market, and avail information to interested parties. 2/ The Organization and workflow of the team shall be determined by regional laws.
1/ A landholder may donate his landholding to his relatives by consanguinity as provided in the Family Code or through maintenance contractual agreement. 2/ Without prejudice to the provisions of Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the landholder may transfer his holding through gift to any person through maintenance contractual agreement. 7C0D23 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ ( /) Y> (6) 99( :O <¡` OF * k= ° E Y> v[o( W* W :$E Oy ® E U= Jg F K e¸U *^TO(! 4/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( ]¥`w ^ :RO <¡` ( ^nO<{ ^! < ( ^ @:$( j[: ]¥` J R ^! :yE <¡` R ( @ f r!N 6 c: f (<. :jO *W C/ 'E~(! <¡` ( B]n gT <E R$( ! @" :O9.> :: 9 *W 76 76 76 76.... ("< ("< ("< ("< // 9$" :; %W^_` ^_`(E n ±" k ("< [Eºw :O W'E~(! R( '(O< ^ 6/ %W^_`( M¦ "< f ^! M¦( e ¢ Jg n ±" k W M¦ ("< [Eºw e¸U ^g> 71 71 71 71.... :;E :;E :;E :;E W W W W * ¢ * ¢ * ¢ * ¢ :<$ :<$ :<$ :<$ // 9$" :; %W^_` ^_`(E U ª WU RE f 9 Y> :; :$E W * ¢ W:<$ ^ 6/ Y"a ( B]n : OF> <E R$( ! @"( :O9.> :: 9 *W%o( 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( YE $@ gT ^_`o(E W'' '^ Rw YE *j: I Y' w I Z¯>I W !E ^_`o(E W'' \ Rw ^_`o(E £ £ W Y"a J:<$ *^JWJ! 4/ ++^ 9T <WUT o( :> F` U ª Y> ++^ 9T ( ^ R> 3/ Where gifting contract is made in accordance with the provisions of Sub- Articles (1) and (2) of this Article, the contract shall not apply in case it is prejudicial to minor children and persons with disabilities 4/ An application for cancellation of the conditional contract referred to in Sub- Article (1) of this Article shall be made within two years from the time the donor becomes aware of the non-performance of the contract. 5/ A contract of donation shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before an institution authorized by Regional Governments.
1/ A landholder may bequeath his holding to any person in accordance with the Succession Provisions of the Civil Code. 2/ Where the landholder dies intestate, or where the will is invalidated, the Succession Provisions of the Civil Code shall apply.
1/ A landholder may sharecrop part or all of his land holding for a specific period of time that shall be determined by Regional Laws 2/ A sharecropping contract shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before an institution authorizd by Regional Governments. 3/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the elderly, female-headed households, children, and other people who cannot cultivate their land for valid reasons may not be restricted from sharecropping the whole of their landholding. 4/ The rights and obligations of the parties in a sharecropping contract shall be determined by the contracting parties and by the laws to be enacted by Regions. 7C0D23/ 74 74 74 74.... ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E J%Wx J%Wx J%Wx J%Wx " " " " <W'' <W'' <W'' <W'' // 9$" :;E W'' :; %W^_`( :;Q :$@! :QE YE À` :+ '[OF J%Wx " U9%( ( :O ' b R ^ 6/ ^_`E J%Wx " '' ( B]n : OF> <E R$( ! @" :O9.> :: 9 *W 7C 7C 7C 7C.... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` :$@! :$@! :$@! :$@! :E :E :E :E W[" W[" W[" W[" +<> +<> +<> +<> <W'< <W'< <W'< <W'< // 9$" :; %W^_` :$@! :QE U ª WU RE f 9 W«^>E< ' W[" +<> '< ^ 6/ 9$" :; :$@! :E :$@! *=w URª [" :$E =(E vjÁ U YE gE :;QE Y!j *j! Jn ~ :O '[OF *W%o( 1/ 9$" :; %W^_` :$@! :QE R( J«^>E< ' WU O( [" +<> '< ^ 4/ *=> = [" ::Wa fE> [H £ ^! JK %^:W< *= :;QE ^ U E f 9 F ( o( ^ '<@:. *W%o( C/ [H %W::Wy !E *=( +<> d(E :; :$@! : J 7 c: . *^ ! 8/ = ( o( $@R( f [HE JeW Jg *= ( W $@R( f Z \ :;Q :$@!I 'J ^! W * ¢ :<$ : *W( / *= v=( %W:Je ( @:$( f 9 +<> d(E :; :$@! J* O( 9Ed W$ .j! 9{ = JZ :$j : W(! / [H JK % JeW f *=( :;Q ^ W( :$@! :> *J«e ]¥` JeW(E [" ` '[OF *W
1/ A landholder may enter into a joint development contract with an investor by contributing his use right as a capital contribution. 2/ A joint development contract shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before an institution authorized by Regional Governments.
1/ A landholder may collateralize his use right to financial institutions for a period of time that shall be specified under regional laws. 2/ Financial institutions shall consider the maximum potential of the land when providing credit to the landholder. 3/ A landholder may collateralize his use right as suretyship. 4/ Contracting parties shall stipulate under their contract the time for the repayment of the debt, and the length of time that the creditor may use the land where the debtor fails to pay the whole or part of the debt. 5/ The land use right of the creditor over the collateralized land shall not exceed above ten years. 6/ Where the debtor fails to pay the debt at the time prescribed in the contract, the creditor may have the right to use, lease, or sharecrop the land for the prescribed time only. 7/ Where the creditor, by using the land, generates more money than he had lent, the debtor may not claim the difference. 8/ Where the debt is partially paid, the right of the creditor to use the land shall be adjusted in accordance with the unpaid debt. 7C0D236 D/ *= v=( %W:Je +<> d(E :; :$@! J* O( 9Ed R .j! 9{ :;QE ( J @:$( f 9 ^ W: ^! =(E EO : Wv=( '<epU W'+ *^ ! 7/ 'E~(! '<Â ( B]n : OF> <E R$( O=I O= Y> J ' *< = " ! @" :O9. Y> :: 9 *W 7// J ^ 99( YE $@ gT *=> = <WUT o( " " :> F` U ª ^ R> 76/ *=> = : J +<> :; :$@! :E U:WJ WU '>o(! "" Y"j ^! bE %W( : ~ n/# @" : RE *W 78 78 78 78.... ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E <W:W+ . <W:W+ . <W:W+ . <W:W+ . // 9$" :; %W^_` ^_`(E J %W^_` :; " :W+ . ^ 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) ^ W( : *< = " RE 9 *^ W! 1/ ^_` ((. ( B]n : OF> <E R$( ! @" :O9.> :: 9 *W 4/ ((ª U O9( W : J Jg ( B]n : OF> bE R$( ! @" :O9.> :: 9 *W 7 7 7 7.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` ^ ^ ^ ^ e E e E e E e E EO EO EO EO ¢z ¢z ¢z ¢z <W'< n <W'< n <W'< n <W'< n // %W^_`w :; ^_`o( ^ k`o(I Y(@`o( ^! :n$" `o( eÃo(E '^E@@y U EOL % ]¥` :Ä.I :W . ^! 'E~(! :E9[ '< n : * o( 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@B (/) 9k '^E@@y U EOL FE%`w E ^! :; ^ £ £ W£ U E U$? gE " " :<e"Q ^ 9/ The liability of the debtor shall be limited to the use right of the land transferred for the agreed time. 10/ Collateral contracts shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before Woreda, Special Woreda and City-Adminstration institutions authorized by regional governments. 11/ Without prejudice to the above Sub- Articles of this Article, the rights and obligations of the creditor and debtor shall be determined by regional laws. 12/ Any dispute regarding the collateral contract shall be resolved through conciliation/mediation or regular court having jurisdiction.
1/ A landholder may exchange his holding with another land. 2/ The right in Sub-Article (1) of this Article shall not be limited by administrative boundary. 3/ Every landholding exchange contract shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before an institution authorized by regional governments. 4/ Where the exchange takes place between different regions, the contract shall be made in written form, and verified and registered by authorized federal institution .
1/ A landholder may sell or transfer in any other means his immovable properties fixed on the land without separating them from the land. 2/ Immovable properties referred to under Sub-Article (1) of this Article may include buildings, trees, perennial crops, and other fixtures. the detailed criteria shall be issued by Regions. 7C0D231 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@B (/) 99( : e¸U gE *N U We( :; U ( " " F Y> :<e" :O %W^_`(E J^_`( 'e>j :q :;Q ^ e (E EO W:$@! U9WF :; <« \ :gE *W 4/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( : e¸U Ug( :; *$?@! vj[E :O '[OF \ ^g> C/ ^Z [Eº '^E@@y EOL E ¢z :WJQ E U<@" *^gE! 7 7 7 7....^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E q` q` q` q` 9$! 9$! 9$! 9$! <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF Y> Y> Y> Y> <W'@ O <W'@ O <W'@ O <W'@ O // *< ~ 'w W' *:Å YE gM %W^_`w ^_`o(E q` 9$! W'[OF Y> W'@ O U< ((. "k ^ 6/ ^_`E q` 9$! '[OF Y> '@ O ( B]n : OF> <E R$( ! @" :O9.> :: 9 *W 1/ ^_`o(E q` 9$! W'[OF Y> W'@ O ((. WU "k %W^_`w URª 'O`\w E :WJ U ª ^ R> 7D 7D 7D 7D.... F F F F ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E q` q` q` q` 9$! 9$! 9$! 9$! 'O< 'O< 'O< 'O< // %W^_`w ^_`o(E q` 9$! % "k! q` 9$! YE "y ^O``Æ 6/ ^_`o(E q` 9$! WU"y %W^_`w W 'O`\w E 'jO *W%o( 1/ ^_`o(E q` 9$! WU"y %W^_`w W!"L\o( 9 <<" :n$" *W%o( 3 3 3 3.... ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E q` q` q` q` 9$! 9$! 9$! 9$! '[OF '[OF '[OF '[OF YE ]! YE ]! YE ]! YE ]! q` q` q` q` 9$! 9$! 9$! 9$! 'O< 'O< 'O< 'O< *<9=, *<9=, *<9=, *<9=, :EF< ^! :EF<` %gM [",L ÇNrL 9s :<T *(`N $?U gM :; %W^_`w ^_`o(E q`9$! '[OF Y> q` 9$! 'O< *W%o( 3/ Where the right stipulated in Sub-Article (1) of this Article is applied, the land to be transferred shall only be confined to the area ofland, the property to be transferred is situated in a manner that does not displace the holder; the detailed laws and criteria shall be dettremined by regions. 4/ The application of the right referred to under Sub-Article (1) of this Article shall be based on the land use plan. 5/ Relevant laws in the transfer of immovable properties shall apply in such cases.
1/ Landholders may exchange their landholdings where the transaction has the effect of consolidating the holdings. 2/ Land consolidation contracts shall be made in writing and be authenticated and registered before an institution authorized by regional governments. 3/ Regional laws may provide incentives to landholders who exchange their holdings with the effect of consolidation.
1/ Landholders may cultivate their holdings through cluster. 2/ Regional laws shall provide incentives to landholders who are cultivating their land through cluster. 3/ Regions shall create market linkage to landholders who are cultivating their land through cluster.
Landholders whose holdings are within government or non-governmental organizations’ irrigation projects shall be bound by consolidation and clustering schemes laid by the government. 7C0D234 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/.... %W^_`w %W^_`w %W^_`w %W^_`w e?[ e?[ e?[ e?[ *<e f *<e f *<e f *<e f <W:gM <W:gM <W:gM <W:gM ^Z *+, Uej ( :O 9$" :; ^_` Wn ^_`( %> U< ^! %W^_`w Jg : W§ ]! %W^_`w e?[ ^ :O :gE *W E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 1111 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :;E :;E :;E :;E <W:W I <W:W I <W:W I <W:W I <W:: 9> <W:: 9> <W:: 9> <W:: 9> ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) !<" !<" !<" !<" O@ O@ O@ O@ <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ 36 36 36 36.... ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E <W:W > <W:W > <W:W > <W:W > <W'<: 9 <W'<: 9 <W'<: 9 <W'<: 9 // FI Y> :EF< ^_`w d:> j :w Y Wq ^:d9% 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) :O Wq :;L %W^_`w ^_`o(E [E" Y> :$E U^ ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ 'Fh : * o( 1/ :;Q %> U< ^_` ^! Rw d Jg ^_` 'O9) !<" O@Q ]! %W^_`w <! :dr *W 31 31 31 31.... J*E[ J*E[ J*E[ J*E[ ^ ^ ^ ^ U< U< U< U< UT" UT" UT" UT" f f f f 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% // Er Y> # R k J*E[ ^ U< 'F%E U:WJ W( J YE $@ gT %Z ^! ©^'T !E J*E[ ^ U<L UTH f :;Q W:$@! % L E : U<$j ]¥` ! 9% : OF *W 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ ( /) YE $@ gT JZ F :( È % J*E[ ^ \ U:" Jg J:r: U<Q " W( \ YE $@ gT J@[ U<Q " o(E :; ^_` nn '[OF :;Q :OP ["ao( j` : OF *Wi YE ]! * < J:O ( =" *H " LuE : U<$j ]¥` y ["a =F! ^_` ! 9% '[OF *W 34 34 34 34.... <W <W <W <W :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% // :;E U<$- *< = "> * E
Joint holders or spouses shall consent to any landholding transfers provided in this proclamation.
1/ Private, communal, and state holdings shall be surveyed using modern surveying instruments and registered. 2/ Holders of lands surveyed and registered under Sub-Article (1) of this Article shall have the right to get a holding certificate for their parcels showing boundaries and land size. 3/ The holding certificate shall be prepared in the name of all joint holders where the land belongs to spouses or other joint holders.
1/ Without prejudice to the prohibition of polygamy under the Criminal and Family Codes, where a person has two or more wives the landholding shall be registered in a manner that protects the rights of all the wives in the polygamous marriage. 2/ Without prejudice to Sub-Article (1) of this Article where a husband concludes polygamous marriage after entering into force of this Proclamation, the common land property of the husband and the first wife shall be partitioned, updated, and registered in the name of each spouse. The share of the husband shall be re- registered with his new spouse in a manner that protects the rights of the women.
1/ Regions may issue land administration and management laws that protect and conserve communal lands. 7C0D23C 6/ :; $?Uw F R( UT o( gE *R " b"c :d" *W 1/ :; %W^_`w ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ $?U( ZO R <! d,L ^Ro+ E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 4444 ¢F¢F> ¢F¢F> ¢F¢F> ¢F¢F> nn nn nn nn 3C 3C 3C 3C.... ¢F¢F ¢F¢F ¢F¢F ¢F¢F // F Y> :; ^_`w ¢F¢F *^J«e! 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( T"! :EF< ^! :EF<` %gM [",L [n 9s :<T ÇNrL (<. ^_`w ^ ¢F¢F É[ ^ 1/ :<T :; ¢F¢F U OF f L > [n U Rw E :; :$@! :E F! (<. <9% :gE *W 4/ :<T :; ^ <WU OF ¢F¢F " H U ª ^ R> 38 38 38 38.... nn nn nn nn // :; nn- x) :; %W^_`w Z^ > ¢ o( JgMI W) %W^_`wu Re ^! n `o( 9$" :; *< = " F JU R( ]¥`> f 9 ^ J* %( W@( Jgi * %( WUTH 9$" :; W o( ^! :; o( *"G * N nn ^R 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) 99( e.N> R( R ¢ * w ^! J*j! ^ g F" !E * %(E W@( ɤ Rw ^_` ^ e¸U *^gE! 2/ Users of communal land shall have legal personality and working procedure shall be established. 3/ A communal landholding certificate shall be issued in the name of the user community.
1/ Private and communal holdings may not be re-distributed. 2/ Notwithstanding Sub-Article (1) of this Article, landholdings within government and non-governmental organization funded irrigation structures may be re- distributed. 3/ Irrigation land re-distribution shall consider the land rights of women and vulnerable groups. 4/ The details of irrigated land re- distribution shall be determined by regional laws.
1/ Distribution of land: The land holding shall be distributed to those who do not have rural land or to those who have small size land holding. Where: a) A land holder is deceased and has no heirs; b) A land holder has left his area of residence due to settlement or their desire for more than the time limit and conditions determined by the rural land administration laws of the regions. 2/ Notwithstanding Sub-Article (1) of this Article, the landholdings of landholders who left their locality due to natural or man-made disasters may not be distributed. 7C0D238 1/ W£ U '> O ' gM :;L E .> ^ ::<O :;Q ^ k= '<J ]¥` nn Rª ^ 4/ Z *+, *E@ C (/) Y> Z *E@ :O :; R. :; *$?@! vj¤E ^! .>QE :O " :gE *W C/ nn U OF f 9$" :; o( YE L I L I ®\o(E ª Z¯>I *j: U ª j[U Rª ^9% ^Z! OF 9 :$EEI # R ¦E> :RE JF! (<. <9% j ! J U ª Fk ^9% 3 3 3 3.... j ~ j ~ j ~ j ~ ' ' ' ' Y> Y> Y> Y> Jn ~ Jn ~ Jn ~ Jn ~ ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` :$EE :$EE :$EE :$EE <W: RE <W: RE <W: RE <W: RE // *E[ %W^_` TO( U9%( j ~ ' YE ]! Jn ~ 9$" :; ^_` :$E U ª F :O U RE ^g> 6/ 9$" :; ^_` 'E~(! :E9[ UJ«e j UJ«eW( :; ^_` :$E J j ~( ' :$E ` :gE W! 1/ Z *E@ E¹<-*E@ (6) 99( %> U< n Ue£ f U "kE :; ^_` nn *^:WJ! E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n C CC C :; :; :; :; *$?@!> *$?@!> *$?@!> *$?@!> ' ' ' ' vj[ vj[ vj[ vj[ 3 3 3 3.... : : : : :; :; :; :; *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! vj[ vj[ vj[ vj[ <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr // :EF< :;E d & W:$@! U< :;QE <'U :O O9 *9" *@n : :; *$?@! vj[ dP 6/ *9" *@§E : :; *$?@! vj[ :O '[OF : :; *$?@! vj[ dP 1/ +O[! E : :; *$?@! vj[ :O '[OF " " :; *$?@! vj[ :dr *W 3/ Cultivable mountainous and gully lands may be distributed to the landless based on studies and in a manner that may not cause damage to the land. 4/ where land is allocated according to Article 5(1) of this Proclamation and this Article, it shall be based on the land use plan or study. 5/ Regional laws shall give priority to landless women, youth, orphans, and people with disabilities in distribution programs. Regional laws shall consider, inter alia, the income and family size of applicants to access lands to be distributed.
1/ Minimum parcel and maximum holding size shall be determined by regional laws. 2/ When the rural holding is distributed in any manner, the land to be distributed should not be below the minimum parcel size. 3/ Sub-Article (2) of this Article may not apply to the partition of matrimonial landholdings following the dissolution of marriage.
1/ The Federal Government shall prepare a national master land use plan based on the suitability of the land and which ensures sustainable land utilization. 2/ Regions shall prepare a regional master land use plan based on the national master land use plan. 3/ A detailed land use plan shall be prepared based on the regional master land use plan. 7C0D23 3D 3D 3D 3D.... * % * % * % * % :; :; :; :; *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! vj[ vj[ vj[ vj[ <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr Udr( 'E+ :<e" :O * % :; *$?@! vj[ :dr *W ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿.... :; :; :; :; *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! vvvvj[E j[E j[E j[E j` j` j` j` <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF // *9" *@n> : :; *$?@! vjÁ YE ]! * % :; *$?@! vj[ vj[ R¤ U RE f 9 :JW< ^! j` : OF *W%o( 6/ 'E~(! :; *$?@! vj[ 'E~(! ]¥` ©^'T` I %Z j"G Y> `w % ]¥` *F%s $@( YE '[OF *W ¿/ ¿/ ¿/ ¿/....9$" :; $?U F`w Y> 9$" :; $?U F`w Y> 9$" :; $?U F`w Y> 9$" :; $?U F`w Y> :QE Uª ]¥`w :QE Uª ]¥`w :QE Uª ]¥`w :QE Uª ]¥`w // 9$" :; $?U :;QE U :; *$?@! vj[ :O *F%s :$@! F` *W gT! :; *$?@! vj[ % %o( * %w vj¤ Y<JUd, [O< :;QE *F%s :EJ%J F` *W 6/ 9$" :; $?U :;Q ^ k= OR YE k=Q :$@! :QE Y<J' U "< Y"!P ^ R[` 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) Y> (6) :O 9$" :; $?U <WU F`I :; ^ <WU "< k= " "I <WU R ( Y"!PI ^_`> :$@! : `%o( U " " !EL U ª ^ R> ¿6 ¿6 ¿6 ¿6.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! O9[ O9[ O9[ O9[ <W <W <W <W 9999 Z *+, *E@ 3 Y> 3D 99( :; *$?@! Y> * b"c :O Udr( :; *$?@! vj[ U RE :gM YE $@ gT- // =«`o( ¿ :L> ` gM 9$" :;L $?Uw :; * *e" WE U@E< :gE W gE Y". *$" * %w (ÊE : <E z!" J W :gE *Wi
A participatory local-level land use plan shall be prepared in accordance with the scale set in the manual to be prepared.
1/ The national and regional master land use plans as well as local participatory local level land use plans shall be revised or updated on a timely basis set in the plan document. 2/ Any land use plan shall, at any time, protect and preserve religious and cultural heritages and places.
1/ A rural land user shall properly use the land in accordance with the land use plan issued. In areas where the land use plan is not yet issued, the land user shall properly conserve the land. 2/ Based on the gravity of the damage, measures, to the extent depriving the landholding right, shall be taken where the landholders fails to properly conserve his land. 3/ As per Sub-Articles (1) and (2) of this Article, the obligations to be imposed on users of rural land, the details of the damage to the land, the measures to be taken, and the detail reasons that may result in the loss of holding and use rights shall be determined by regional laws.
The following restrictions shall be observed until such time that land use plans are prepared pursuant to Articles 28 and 29 of this Proclamation: 1/ The management of rural lands the slope of which is less than 30 percent shall reduce soil degradation, and in dry-land areas, a strategy of water harvesting shall also be followed; 7C0D23 6/ =«`o( J ¿/ Y<J Ë :L gM 9$" :;L E $?Uw Wc:` R ' '+ U *F% o(E *e"> (© Y@% ¶T²w :< \ ^g>i 1/ $?Uw =«`o( J Ë :L ^ gM 9$" :;L E Jc:` R> Jj F¡¢ *9F ( '[OF W¦nI WU I WE 'I WYE< :T '> YE ]¥`( WQ< :<Z '+ ^T"%o+i 4/ :; $?Uw 'E~(! =« U9{> ! = 9$" :;E JR(> JYE< E¼ ¸ '[OF YE 9F!> '99£ O9. U W :; *$?@! vj[ :O .j! YE <. '[OF ^T"%o+i C/ O '> ¤ 9$" :;L E * %( 'ZOR " YE K > b-Z^ ` b w E :< YE 9F£> .j! ^ YE ( '[OF ^T"`i 8/ SO`' * %w O " ¤ 9$" :;L ^! YE ]¥`( F ^_` b" g( YE 9F£> :R( YE W£ : OF *W%o(i / 'E~(! 9$" :; $?U & Ì<¶E¢E *9F 9{ aa %Z > ^E :; *$?@!> * dw E :$@!> Y"aI F¡¢ Y> E :;L E !"`' :$j F` *Wi / (© *d 9$" :;L * %( 'ZOR> U:WJ ( * U OF £ [n JW( :$j Y> *F%s W.j! :+ *W%o(i D/ (© ="\w .> ^ :<" ( R "@ JW( J:; *$?@! vj[ " . :ep! *Wi 7/ U:WJ`o( * 9$" :; ^ *= < Y"a E¾<:EL £> <«§I :RO ' *(`N dOk> Re ÇNF E F% "k * % ZEEI JRQ WU FN :F\ <L E> F% E vjÁ\o( * ( : F" *W%o(i 2/ Users of rural lands, the slopes of which are between 31-60 percent, may use the land for annual crops, only after proper conservation technologies are in place; 3/ Users of rural lands, the slope of which is more than 60 percent, shall use the land for tree planting, perennial crops, bee harvesting, forage production, and tourist attraction, instead of farming and free grazing; 4/ Users must ensure that rural land of every slope which is highly degraded shall be restricted from human and animal interference for a given period of time to let it recover, and shall be put to use when ascertained that it has recovered; 5/ The local community, through joint effort, shall rehabilitate and make use of the land which is damaged and full of gullies by using biological and physical works; 6/ Rural lands in hilly areas that are damaged by gullies shall be rehabilitated and developed by putting them either under the custody of communal or private holding as the case may be; 7/ Every rural land user shall use improved traditional and scientific land use and management methods and ensure the productivity of agricultural, grazing and forest lands, after getting an adequate extension package; 8/ Wetlands shall be preserved and put to proper use by the local community and the help of the experts of relevant organs; 9/ Water banks shall be protected with in certain distance based on study and land use plan; 10/ Relevant organs shall include in their plan strategies and actions to protect environmental damages when they establish and expand new agricultural investments, construct infrastructure, and implement resettlement programs on rural lands; 7C0D23D 7// :<T :;L ^ J 'I :E " !<O`> *9F Rz ' FE%` YE ]! J:; *$?@! vj[ J @:ª FL ( :$@! JWJW (i 76/ 'E~(! =« OP W 9$" :;E F :O W E ' '+ ^\ ¿1 ¿1 ¿1 ¿1.... ' ' ' ' vj[ vj[ vj[ vj[ <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr <W'dr :; *$?@! vj[ d, ' vj¤! :dr *W ¿4 ¿4 ¿4 ¿4.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" @ @ @ @ 'vJ 'vJ 'vJ 'vJ ! ! ! !<O` <O` <O` <O` 9$" @ 'vJ !<O` :; *$?@! vj[E :O '[OF ^' E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 8888 *"L *"L *"L *"L * " * " * " * " :; :; :; :; *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! ¿C ¿C ¿C ¿C.... :; :; :; :; *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! F F F F <W'( <W'( <W'( <W'( *"L * " o( *"L * " :; *< = "> *$?@! F ¿8 ¿8 ¿8 ¿8.... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` '^J«e '^J«e '^J«e '^J«e RW:gM RW:gM RW:gM RW:gM *"L * " 'ZOR n > (¥ Y> .> FÍ g < @" :;L nn! g 'E~(! :E9[ F ^_` *^W ª! ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿.... W%Z W%Z W%Z W%Z :; :; :; :; * * * * b"cL b"cL b"cL b"cL Y(j> Y(j> Y(j> Y(j> <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ <W:<$ // U ª W%Z 'I W%Z :; *$?@!> * YE ]! WFz *e` b"c Y(j> :<$ [n> " 6/ %Z :; *$?@!> * > Fz *e` b"cL :O` gM 9-:EF<` :L EI L E : YE ]! Rª :> F`w E U¸OH Jg e¸U o(! ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿.... ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E ^_`E <W'J <W'J <W'J <W'J // *"L * N J ^_`o( ^ $?Uw (¥ ¼ ^ 11/ Development of urban and village centers, service rendering institutions as well as other services contrary to the land use plan, on irrigable lands is prohibited; 12/ Sloppy lands of any degree may be used for forest development based on regional laws.
A development plan shall be prepared together with the land use plan.
Rural kebele centers shall be established based on land use plans.
and Use Law Regional States with pastoral population shall issue pastoral communal land administration and use laws.
Lands Communal lands may not be partitioned and privatized either through distribution or any other means unless it is based on the decisions of pastoral communities as well as a study to be conducted.
1/ Regional laws shall recognize customary institutions; customary land use and management practices, and conflict resolution mechanisms and shall provide support and follow-up. 2/ Customary land use and management rules and conflict resolution mechanisms shall be of no effect where they contravene the fundamental constitutional rights, women rights, as well as the rights and obligations provided by other laws.
1/ Pastoralists may Lease out part of their communal land holdings based on their 7C0D2¿ < § ^ (¥( J $?Uw E< G< * ~( [! : RE *W 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) :O :; J ^ $?U(E F¡¢ :; ' :q :gE *W 1/ *"L * " * % 9$" :; *< = " ' I _EI O= I J ' Y> O= BZe #`o( q J%Z 'ZORs :w " :gE UJ ^ :; :WI :; W:J Uek $?Uw E Y:d9 U9>{ Y> * %(E :; ¼ ^ 9 Y$> W*J ^> J ^ :OP UR. n -' ¿D ¿D ¿D ¿D.... J J J J :; :; :; :; U9{ U9{ U9{ U9{ 9 9 9 9 *< = " *< = " *< = " *< = " // J :; U9{ 9 J¼ ^I J nI J:;Q U9{ 'E~(! !"¢z Y> E!$? 6/ J :; JU9h( 9 ]E! 'ZOR $?U U "F :; ^_` $?Uw eE[ :! *W 1/ eE¤ STU *j! o( L Y> [n U Rw E *wE` [n '[OF *W%o(:: E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^ ^ ^ ^ Uy Uy Uy Uy "N E "N E "N E "N E <W:n` <W:n` <W:n` <W:n` ´ ´ ´ ´.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^ ^ ^ ^ Uy Uy Uy Uy "N "N "N "N UeQ UeQ UeQ UeQ *F% *F% *F% *F% // 9$" :; ^ ] U 9E k=E J J " <!! ^! Y o( U:"»o( *<'U ¢'Fw *' { :n`I ^! <E W( n"[ # < 'jO k= YE `^W '[OF ^ 6/ <E W( n"[ # :r: OP *^L (¥ R$ k=^ ^F%{ @" ^ 1/ J¢!F>> J: ~ n"[ # (z * :; "" :` W! 4/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (1) 99( T"! *< = " * :; k=^ F Ro( F% ^ common decision. The decision shall be supported by at least three-fourth majority vote of the user community. 2/ Where communal land is leased out pursuant to Sub-Article (1) of this Article, it shall not result in the deprivation of their grazing land. 3/ Regional Rural Land Administration Institutions shall establish working teams in their Regional, Zone, Special Woreda, City, Woreda, and Kebele offices that may gather and provide information about potential lessors and lessees as well as jointly develop their holdings with investors. Such working teams shall conduct assessments on the local land market, and avail information to interested parties.
1/ Income from communal land includes rent, compensation, sales of any produce from the land, and others. 2/ A communal land users' fund shall be established by regions, with the income generated from the communal land, for the benefit the entire community. 3/ The fund shall provide affirmative support to economically disadvantaged women and vulnerable groups.
1/ Rural land disputes may be solved through negotiation, mediation/ conciliation, or adjudicated in the regular court having jurisdiction. 2/ A decision of the regional court having jurisdiction may be taken by appeal. 3/ Such bodies other than mediators and regular courts may not see land disputes. 4/ Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub- Article (3) of this Article, Administrative bodies shall not be prevented from 7C0D2¿/ Uy *< = k= E J' UJW *^ W! ´/ ´/ ´/ ´/.... L > L > L > L > [n [n [n [n U U U U Rw E Rw E Rw E Rw E <W:J J" <W:J J" <W:J J" <W:J J" // 9k YE $- g( W:J J" 9Ed *j! o(E L Y> [n U Rw E :; :$@! : W'<J" L I Z¯>> 'Z k=^ ' Y"yE W( J JH ^ 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) $@yE Rw : J UJ JH 'E :WJ nZ Uμ<¶" ^! nZ N *R " b"c^dO n n n n Ï< Ï< Ï< Ï< 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> j j j j E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n //// 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> j j j j ! ! ! ! ´6 ´6 ´6 ´6.... :! :! :! :! // :EF<` 9$" :; ! 9%> j n E 9$" :; *< = "> *$?@! ' <" -' 6/ nu * OPr <E> Ê K :EF<` ^ R> 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (6) 99( T"! 9$" :; ! 9%> j n I _EI O=I J ' Y > O= OP ^ P 4/ 9$" :; ! 9%> j n +> : > @¢i _EI O= Y> J ' 9$" :; ! 9%> j n : > @¢ iiii O= 9$" :; ! 9%> j n F O= : > @¢ ^: C/ +>( : > +>( @¢ YE ]! O=( : > O=( @¢ 9$" :; *< = "> *$?@! ! ^: % entertaining administrative issues that arise from land matters within their mandates.
1/ Without prejudice to the provisions provided in other laws, women, children and social affairs’ institutions may represent poor women and vulnerable groups in a court of law to protect their land right. 2/ The Ministry of Justice or the Bureau of Justice shall develop a procedural system regarding institutions that are mandated to represent persons mentioned in Sub- Article (1) of this Article
1/ Rural land registration and surveying departments shall be established by regional governments under their Rural Land Administration and UseInstitutions. 2/ The organizational structure; and powers and responsibilities of the departments shall be determined under regional laws. 3/ Notwithstanding Sub-Article (2) of this Article, rural land registration and surveying departments shall be established at Regional, Zone, Special Woreda, City, and Woreda levels. 4/ Regional rural land registration and surveying departments shall be led by the chief registrar and chief surveyor; zonal, special woreda and urban rural land registration and survey units by registrar and surveyor; while woreda land registration and surveying departments shall be led by woreda registrar and surveyor. 5/ The Regional Chief Registrar and Chief Surveyor; and the Woreda Registrar and Surveyor shall be appointed by Regional Governments. 7C0D2¿6 8/ +>( : > +>( @¢ YE ]! O=( : > O=( @¢ <E> F%" U ª ^ R> $`o(! WU:WJ ( ! Ê K ^g> ´1 ´1 ´1 ´1.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> ! 9%> j j j j b b b b"c "c "c "c // 9$" :; ^_`E 'O9. *<9=,> b"c` *E[ * % 'w E *E[ j "` :W > :: 9 UJ> E ^g> 6/ ! 9% b"cQ '}E :O O9 ( ´4 ´4 ´4 ´4.... '} '} '} '} :W :W :W :W -." -." -." -." *R. *R. *R. *R. // ' :W -." UR$( *< = :+j"E :O '[OF J ^ ` gT UJ E %Z 'Ð ^T"`- x) W*E[ ' R$ ' :W -." W :R$ W!i W) ^_` UJe> U+x[ f g < @" ^_` ((.> ^_`E £ £ W R( U Wn f ] '^W+ . U :gE ^T"` 6/ ' :W -." UJ E ^^¦- x) :W K gT ]W gÉ I W) _E :W -." gT ]W *© I ) O= :W -." gT ]W *© I :) @ :W -." gT Ï< *© I Y> ) ' :W -." gT *!< *© I ^g> ´C ´C ´C ´C.... ± ± ± ± ²lX ²lX ²lX ²lX :a :a :a :a . . . . 9Ñ 9Ñ 9Ñ 9Ñ <W:g>o( <W:g>o( <W:g>o( <W:g>o( W 9$" =< " j dw J± ²lX :a . " : R" *W 6/ The powers and responsibilities of the Regional Chief Registrar and Chief Surveyor; and the Woreda Registrar and Surveyor shall be determined under regional laws. They shall be accountable to the respective institution head.
1/ The rural land adjudication system shall be compulsory and systematic. 2/ The registration system shall be parcel based.
1/ The assignment of unique parcel identification number shall be given in order of descending government administrative structure and shall fulfill the following features: a) A unique parcel identification number that has been assigned to a parcel may not be given to another parcel; b) It shall remain permanent even during the exchange and transfer of holdings; except in cases of division and amalgamation of holdings. 2/ The unique parcel identification number shall contain: a) The regional identification that shall be represented by two letters; b) The zonal identification that shall be represented by two numbers; c) The woreda identification that shall be represented by two numbers; d) The kebele identification that shall be represented by three numbers; e) The parcel identification that shall be represented by five numbers.
The different rural cadastral surveying methods shall be networked with the national geodetic ground control points. 7C0D2¿1 ´8 ´8 ´8 ´8.... *`K *`K *`K *`K 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% 9$" :; ^_` ! 9% ZO RsE e :gE *W ´ ´ ´ ´.... ¯>EI ¯>EI ¯>EI ¯>EI L EI L EI L EI L EI * * * * k= ° E> k= ° E> k= ° E> k= ° E> * %( * %( * %( * %( 9| 9| 9| 9| Rw E Rw E Rw E Rw E : : : : <W:$j <W:$j <W:$j <W:$j // :EF<` U »o( 9$" :; ^_`E 'O9. J*j! ^ g !E * %( 9| Rw E : U<$- :g>o(E 'O9. ^T"%o+ 6/ W^ ¯>I * k= ° YE ]! L ^_` UO9. ` Y> f %W:9h`o( :`o(E YE=ª 'O9. *W%o( 1/ ¼ ^! F { %^ ^_`E W'O9. ^! W'<: 9 U@" f : * (>o(E YE @"s '[OF 'O9. *W%o( ´ ´ ´ ´.... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) :OP :OP :OP :OP ^ ^ ^ ^ ?( ?( ?( ?( <W'jO> <W'jO> <W'jO> <W'jO> 'aa 'aa 'aa 'aa <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF // 9$" :; ^_`E :WJ d :OP :tOa gT 9$" :; : 9 (<. J:F%Q K j;` W( 9E *#Q` U@" f 9 > b- b"c :EF<` ^ R> 6/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (/) :O U R( f J <[< " R gE *^ ! 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (6) 99( f We È 'E~(! %W ^_` <W :d9( :OP (? ^9:` JZ f È <W! 9% :OP( * (j! U :? U @%^ W(! ´D ´D ´D ´D.... <W <W <W <W %Z" %Z" %Z" %Z" : 9 : 9 : 9 : 9 9$" :; ! 9% :OPw %Z" : 9 (<. : *W%o( .... <W <W <W <W ²` ²` ²` ²` :OP :OP :OP :OP b b b b"c "c "c "c // %Z" : 9 ReH :OPw ²` :OP b"c :Ä9" *W%o(
The rural landholding registration shall be participatory.
1/ Regional States shall ensure that the laws they enacted protect the rights of landholders who may not be present during the rural land adjudication process for reasons beyond their control. 2/ Special emphasis shall be given to the protection of rights of children; people with disabilities; and women who may not be present at the time and place of adjudication of rights. 3/ Registering organs shall ensure that representatives or tutors who appear during adjudication processes or registration of holding rights have produced their power of attorney.
1/ Regional States shall determine the time limit and procedure where aggrieved parties may lodge objections and apply for rectification of the adjudication information before the information pertaining to rural land holding is entered into the rural land register. 2/ The time limit to be determined as per Sub- Article (1) of this Article may not be less than six month. 3/ After the lapse of the time limit provided under Sub-Article (2) of this Article, every land holder is presumed to be aware of the registered information. objection based on lack of knowledge of registration is not acceptable.
Rural land registration information shall be contained in the registry book.
1/ Information contained in the registry book shall be migrated to the digital land information system. 7C0D2¿4 6/ :; ^_` ^ U Ok : '< Wn> 9 ²` :OP b"cQ :: 9 *W%o( 1/ R[ :¦F Y> ²` :OP b"c YE *F%Q W'<OP 9WF / / / /.... <W <W <W <W ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) !<" !<" !<" !<" O@ O@ O@ O@ // 9$" :; %W ^_` ^_`( <" WU9h( YE=E¤ '} ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ :R$ *W 6/ ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ U<. S[ TO( ^ 6 6 6 6.... ^_` ^_` ^_` ^_` 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) 'O9) !<" !<" !<" !<" O@ O@ O@ O@ (Ò (Ò (Ò (Ò // *E[ '} *E[ %W ^_` <! :d9 !<" O@ J R$( !<" O@Q 'E~(E! %W^_` :> .j! JF`wu <9{W` 6/ ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ %W^_`E 'O9) :tOa '<OP ( ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ ^ 'E~(! ? μ '<OP *^@"! 1/ Z *E@B E¹< *E@B (/) Y> (6) 99( T"! ^_` 'O9) !<" O@ ^ :? U @" U W(- x) ! 9%( bE W( * Á O Jgi ^! W) ! 9%( 9 . g R[ ^ :"q_ J> Jg \ ( 4/ Z *+, 9$" :; :: 9 b$E R$( : * ! 9% ep:( <Z k= OR %W^_` W OR k= : ( * :{ } ^JeW+ 1 1 1 1.... ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% ! 9% :OPE :OPE :OPE :OPE j` j` j` j` <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF <W'[OF // %W ^_` W(. O9 fI ' J«eW ^! +© f ] :; ! 9% R¤ :aa ^T"` 6/ J:; ^_` " 9 > Y9=w :d9s ^9% 4 4 4 4.... *9" *9" *9" *9" *@n *@n *@n *@n 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; :OP :OP :OP :OP b b b b"c "c "c "c // OP 9$" :; :OP b"c ^dO 2/ All land rights transfers and restrictions shall be registered in the digital land information system. 3/ Printed documents and digital land information systems may be used as evidence, as relevant.
1/ Rural landholders shall be issued with a landholding certificate for each of their parcels. 2/ The landholding certificates may carry secret codes.
1/ A landholder shall have all the rights and duties that a holding right confers over the parcel that is registered and certified in his name. 2/ Landholding certificate is the ultimate evidence that proves a landholder. Contrary evidence may not be admitted to disprove the landholding certificate. 3/ Objections over rights accrued under Sub-Articles (1) and (2) of this Article may only be made where: a) The registration was conducted by an unauthorized organ; or b) The registration was made based on an unlawful document. 4/ A landholder who suffered damage due to mistakes committed by a rural land registering officer or organ authorized under this Proclamation, shall be entitled to commensurate compensation.
1/ The land information shall be updated during the change of landholders; division; or amalgamation of parcels. 2/ All other restrictions on landholding rights shall be registered.
1/ National Rural Land Information System shall be established at federal level. 7C0D2¿C 6/ Uμ<¶H 9$" :; :OP b"cE PI < =[ C C C C.... :; :; :; :; :OP :OP :OP :OP ((.> ((.> ((.> ((.> jE, jE, jE, jE, // 9$" :; :OP b"c Z *+, :O Uμ<¶H JU:( 9$" :; :OP b"c " 9>h> @>r :gE ^T"` 6/ J :OP b"c : U9%( 9$" :; :OP c^> ^d Uμ<¶H ^ R> 1/ Z *E@ E¹< *E@ (6) :O Uμ<¶H U <( *F% j` :OPw E W :OP b"c : *W%o( 8 8 8 8.... %^:d9s! %^:d9s! %^:d9s! %^:d9s! F F F F (Ò (Ò (Ò (Ò < o( < o( < o( < o( :L :L :L :L %W^_`( %<:d9( ^_` ^ YE v= ^! 9 %^:d9s! UJ 9 @%^ * o(- // 9$" :; *< = " F %Z" : 9s ^ YE :d9s F` W%o( YE *z" f ¼ ^ ( I Y"a <!!L ^! f ^_` <!!L I ^! 6/ :d9( ^_` ^ :(E : U@Ey ^! Uª YE Ò> .? ^! J ' Ç E ^! :^ ^! F :O U£ F`w E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 6666 <W <W <W <W :OP :OP :OP :OP 'Fh 'Fh 'Fh 'Fh :> :> :> :> <W <W <W <W n n n n .... :OP :OP :OP :OP 'Fh 'Fh 'Fh 'Fh : : : : // 9$" :; *< = "> *$?@! ' '>o(E! ! 9% RÁ .j! *WE WU 9T n '[OF *W%o( 6/ :; ^_` :OPw E WUek $&w UR$( :OP c^I UR. b"c> U$@( *9F n :$E U ª ^ R> 2/ The Ministry shall organize and administer the rural land information system.
1/ Regional rural land information system shall be linked and harmonized with the federal rural land information system which is established under this Proclamation. 2/ The type and content of rural land information that need to be sent from regional to federal land information system shall be determined by the Ministry. 3/ Regional States shall send updated information to the federal land information system pursuant to Sub- Article (2) of this Article.
Even if not registered as debt or restriction over the registered holding, the following restrictions shall have legal effect: 1/ As short-term lease; sharecropping; or short-term joint holding contracts which are not required to be recorded in the land register under regional land administration law, 2/ Such obligations established by federal or regional laws as public health; urban plans; or similar servitudes which restrict; or totally cancel the rights created on registered holdings.
1/ Rural Land Administration and Use Institutions shall avail registration information to all interested parties. 2/ The type of information, and procedure of accessing and availing the information and the corresponding service fees to be paid shall be determined by regional laws. 7C0D2¿8 .... <W <W <W <W n n n n // W:r: f WU OF ! 9%> j n *^$j! 6/ ^_` :OPE j` W'[OF :{ g n :Je *W 1/ ^_`E q` 9$! '[OF (Ò W( ^_` ((. U OF f W++u Jn ¸ ^g> E¹< E¹< E¹< E¹< n n n n 1111 *<e¸ *<e¸ *<e¸ *<e¸U U U U * * * * Ê K Ê K Ê K Ê K D D D D.... Uμ<¶H Uμ<¶H Uμ<¶H Uμ<¶H Ê K Ê K Ê K Ê K Uμ<¶H- // U:WJ`o(E ' '< %"> £ [n :<$ ^ZE *+, '<ep!i 6/ WZ *+, *e¸p! UF> W:OP >% UO¤ *9" *@n <`E="Á E dPi YE ]! 1/ *9" *@n 9$" :; :OP b"c YE dO " Ë Ë Ë Ë.... Ê K Ê K Ê K Ê K // YE % ]¥` 9$" :;E U< =[" * OPr -' 6/ JZ F " U! " " F '( ^ZEE *+, '<ep! Ê K *W%o( 1/ L > [n U Rw 9$" :; :$@! :E % ' e¸U :g>o(E '<J" Ê K *W%o( Ë/ Ë/ Ë/ Ë/.... 9$" 9$" 9$" 9$" :; :; :; :; *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *< = "> *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! *$?@! ! ! ! ! Ê K Ê K Ê K Ê K // 9$" :; *< = " ' 9$" :; J ' > J: Q K YE ]! 9$" :; W *9F YE ( OF QE ^! ¢FFHE Y<J :tOa( :H ^9% 6/ :EF<` W^! F 9$" :; *< = "> *$?@! ' *"G * N I JK *"L * N > *"L * N ^_` J '
1/ No payment shall be requested for initial registration and surveying. 2/ Service fees shall be paid for updating landholding data. 3/ Service fees may not be paid in cases of land exchange which has the effect of land consolidation.
1/ Regional Rural Land Administration and Use Institutions shall lead the process where rural land is expropriated for urban expansion or for other purposes. 2/ In the event of expropriation of farmers’ and pastoralists’ land for urban expansion, Regional Governments, especially Rural Land Administration 7C0D2¿ *<@[ } ^Je :$@!> ^_` :`o( YE=^O. 'O9. *W%o( n n n n * * * * [Eºw [Eºw [Eºw [Eºw Ë6 Ë6 Ë6 Ë6.... Er Er Er Er $& $& $& $& // 'E~(! R( FI ^! :EFb ^_`E 9 . :E9[ OO J" ¿0 Y<J /20 ^! J/ c: Y<J C c: U "< M Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ 6/ 'E~(! R( FI ^! :EFb ^_` ^ k= OR J" 0 Y<J /20 ^! J1 c: Y<J c: U "< M Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ 1/ 'E~(! R( % e@ ` ^ 'E~(E! FE%` R ^! YE R e@ J" 3C0 Y<J 0 ^! J/ c: Y<J 1 c: U "< Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ 4/ 'E~(! R( J:; *$?@! vj[ ( ^_`(E .j! ^ +W J" 30 Y<J 0 ^! J/ c: Y<J 1 c: U "< Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ C/ xR ~ :; ^_` 'ROP @O %W^_`I '<OP R O ^! '<OP R$ %W£ J" 70 Y<J 3C0 ^! J/ c: Y<J 1 c: U "< M Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ 8/ 'E~(! R( :; Ä$ ^! 9¦ YE g J" /20 Y<J 620 ^! J/ c: Y<J C c: U "< M Y< ^! ]WQ! ^@ Ë1 Ë1 Ë1 Ë1.... n n n n ±" ±" ±" ±" k k k k *F% *F% *F% *F% JZ F " *F% o(> Z F % ÄeM k= ^ n ±" k [Eºw e¸U ^g> Ë4 Ë4 Ë4 Ë4.... ^" ^" ^" ^" // :EF< ^! ^_`E 9 . :E9[ d R( ^"E YE :J J *^ ! and Use Institutions, shall ensure that no use and holding right be taken before compensation is paid in advance.
1/ Any person who illegally invades private, communal or state holdings shall be fined with payment of 30,000 to 100,000 Birr or punished with 1 to 5 years' rigorous imprisonment or both. 2/ Any person who causes damage to private, communal or state holding shall be fined with payment of 50,000 to 150,000 Birr or punished with 3 to 7 years rigorous imprisonment or both. 3/ Any person who constructs or permits any construction in an unauthorized place shall be fined with payment of 25,000 to 50,000 Birr or punished with 1 to 3 years imprisonment or both. 4/ Any person who uses his holding contrary to the land use plan shall be fined with payment of 20,000 to 50,000 Birr or punished with 1 to 3 years imprisonment or both. 5/ A landholder who submits a forged landholding certificate, a professional who hides evidence or gives false evidence shall be fined with payment of 10,000 to 25,000 Birr or punished with 1 to 3 years rigorous imprisonment or both. 6/ Anyone who sells or buys land shall be fined with payment of 100,000 to 200,000 Birr or punished with 1 to 5 years of rigorous imprisonment or both.
The Civil Code provisions shall apply as deemed necessary in areas relevant to this law that are not covered under this Proclamation.
1/ A person who illegally possesses state or communal holding may not invoke a period of limitation as a defense. 7C0D2¿ 6/ ^_`Ó W*F% R( <Á~ U R( :QE :$j JO ^! @ f r!N 7C c: (<. < @O :Q ^" ^`9= 331/ :E W:$j @:ª ^" [Eºw e¸U ^g> ËC ËC ËC ËC.... :Ä9 :Ä9 :Ä9 :Ä9 [Eº [Eº [Eº [Eº // Z F [Eºw ^Z *+, J: - K > ={ * K @"( "" Y O9%o( % k= ^ e¸U *^gM! 6/ ^Z *+, J:(Q K Rª ^_` 'O9) !<" O@L @%^ * o( Ë8 Ë8 Ë8 Ë8.... E E E E '( '( '( '( <E <E <E <E Uμ<N !" # YE *<e fQ ^ZE *+, W'<ep! E E ^ Ë Ë Ë Ë.... <W aH> <W aH> <W aH> <W aH> e¸U e¸U e¸U e¸U <W'^gM <W'^gM <W'^gM <W'^gM // :EF< 9$" :; *< = "> *$?@! *+, -." 428//0D2Õ Z *+, ¢Ã 6/ ^ZE *+, U?OE 'E~(! FI *+,I EI :: ^! *R " ![ Z *+, 9kE k= :WJ e¸U *^TO(! Ë Ë Ë Ë.... *+¬ *+¬ *+¬ *+¬ Up> Up> Up> Up> f f f f ^Z *+, ` J @E r!N p> ^g> * < * < * < * < *% *% *% *% @E @E @E @E 6078 6078 6078 6078 cccc....! ! ! ! ZW "j ZW "j ZW "j ZW "j d( d( d( d( :EF< :EF< :EF< :EF< Ç; Ç; Ç; Ç;=E =E =E =E 2/ An action to reclaim a holding which was illegally possessed by another person shall be barred by period of limitation if not brought within 15 years after the date he should have brought the case or having become aware of his rights. 3/ Period of limitation provided in other laws shall apply in respect of claims of other rights.
1/ The provisions of this Proclamation may not apply to cases that are pending at federal or regional judicial bodies before the coming into force of this Proclamation. 2/ Landholding certificates, which were issued before the coming in to force of this Proclamation shall be valid. 66. Power to Issue Regulation The Council of Ministers may issue Regulations to implement this Proclamation.
1/ The Federal Rural Land Administration and Use Proclamation No 456/2005 is hereby repealed. 2/ No law, Regulation, Directive or Practice shall, in so far as it is inconsistent with this Proclamation, be applicable with respect to matters provided for in this Proclamation.
This Proclamation shall come into force on the date of publication in the Federal Negarit Gazeta. Done at Addis Ababa, on this 14th day of August, 2024 SAHLEWORK ZEWDIE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA 7C0D2¿D
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? *9% "k! UR$( g < @" Z *+, (<.- // “9$" :;” J'dP # (z ^! *F% %W( F J ' JUR:( (z W 'E~(! :; (i 6/ “9$" :; :OP b"c” 'W 9$" :; Y> :; :OPw E 'R%RI ' rI : E E> *F%s YE > j` '[OF W $?Uw 'R t b"c (i 1/ “9$" :; ! 9%” 'W 9$" :; :$@! :> %W^_` U9W :OP 'R%RI '$>@"> j` U Ok (i 4/ “9$" :; *< = "” 'W 9$" :; ^_` : UR.I +<> UO9.I :; x + U :EI :; *$?@! vj[ U 9" :; $?Uw : J Uy FzL UeQ> F`w U 9H YE ]! 9$" :; :OP b"c UdO (i WHEREAS, it has become necessary to sustainably conserve and develop natural resources and transfer them to the coming generation through the preparation and implementation of a sustainable rural land use planning considering the different agro-ecological zones of the country; WHEREAS, it has become necessary to establish an inclusive land administration and use system that ensures and strengthens the land rights of women and vulnerable groups; NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with Article 55(1) and (2) (a) of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Constitution, it is hereby proclaimed as follows.
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